@class

---@class ClassName
---@class ClassName : ParentClass
---@class ClassName : Parent1, Parent2
---@class (exact) ClassName
---@class (partial) ClassName
---@class ClassName<T>

---@class Animal
---@field name string Animal name
---@field species string Species
local Animal = {}

function Animal:Speak()
    print(self.name .. " makes a sound")
end

---@class Dog : Animal
---@field breed string Dog breed
local Dog = setmetatable({}, { __index = Animal })

function Dog:Fetch(item)
    -- inherits Animal fields: self.name, self.species ✅
end

---@class Flyable
---@field maxAltitude number

---@class Swimmable
---@field maxDepth number

---@class Duck : Animal, Flyable, Swimmable
---@field featherColor string

---@class (exact) Point
---@field x number
---@field y number

local p = Point.new(1, 2)
p.z = 3 -- ❌ Error: cannot add field 'z' to exact type Point

-- In one file:
---@class Animal
---@field name string

-- In another file:
---@class (partial) Animal
---@field weight number  -- adds weight to Animal without losing name

---@class Container<T>
---@field items T[]
---@field capacity number

---@type Container<string>
local stringContainer = { items = {}, capacity = 10 }
stringContainer.items[1] = "hello" -- ✅ typed as string

---@class MyClass
---@field public name string Accessible everywhere
---@field private m_id number Only accessible in class methods
---@field protected m_parent MyClass Accessible in subclasses

---@class Player
local Player = {}
-- Player is now typed as "instance of Player class"

local Player = {}
---@type Player
local ply = Player.new()